4 Basic Ways to Attract and Keep Customers

4 Basic Ways to Attract and Keep Customers Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now! 4 Basic Ways to Attract and Keep Customers (That You Must Know) Updated On 22/05/2015 Author : Pradeep Kumar Topic : Business Short URL : http://hbb.me/1HGz7Zi CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlog With thousands of new companies in the market day in and day out, when it comes to doing business nowadays, a deal is a deal and that means predatory tactics can put you out of the running fast, especially if you have a small business. Tips To Attract and Keep Customers If you are in the highly competitive field of the professional service business, you must come up with an arsenal of strategies in order to become the top provider in your industry. Luckily for you, after some careful research, weve come up with a shortlist of clever tips to attract and keep customers to your small or start-up business. 1. Become A Trusted Resource Engage people to build a solid relationship, providing valuable content and being a good listener, reply to users and readers. Get verified by a trustworthy source, like Google Verified Stores, the homeowners association or some local entity that is already recognized in your area. 2. Define An Achievable Marketing Plan Your marketing plan and approach should be determined by your target customer. In order to reach your target customer, sometimes those people are not just on the web. Try a few of these highly-effective marketing tools: distribute custom printed flyers, classified ads in newspapers/magazines, a profile in a local publication, pay per click ads, direct mail, email marketing and vehicle wrap. Do whatever you can to put your name in front of their eyes, but do so in a structured way connecting all tactics in one single strategy: Use one or several easily connected messages (making sure that the stand alone ones make sense). Intrigue people and peak their curiosity with humor, nostalgia and emotional triggers. 3. Lure Your Target Customer Some marketing strategies will work better than others as that depends on who your target customer is. Once youíve created your customer profile, think about which ways they can be reached specifically. The more target-focused your company is in the marketplace, the simpler it becomes to reach your market. Just start by coming up with a shortlist of your top keywords. Which search terms do people use to find your services or products online? .IRPP_button , .IRPP_button .postImageUrl , .IRPP_button .centered-text-area { min-height: 86px; position: relative; } .IRPP_button , .IRPP_button:hover , .IRPP_button:visited , .IRPP_button:active { border:0!important; } .IRPP_button { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #3498DB; } .IRPP_button:active , .IRPP_button:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .IRPP_button .postImageUrl { background-position: center; background-size: cover; float: right; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 30%; } .IRPP_button .centered-text-area { float: left; width: 70%; padding:0; margin:0; } .IRPP_button .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: .125em; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .IRPP_button .postTitle { color: #ECF0F1; font-size: 16px; fon t-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .IRPP_button .ctaButton { background: #ECF0F1; color: inherit; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; margin: 18px 14px 18px 14px; moz-border-radius: 3px; padding: 12px 0; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; webkit-border-radius: 3px; width: 80px; position: absolute; } .IRPP_button:hover .ctaButton { background: #e6e6e6; } .IRPP_button .centered-text { display: table; height: 86px; padding:0; margin:0; padding-left: 108px!important; top: 0; } .IRPP_button .IRPP_button-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .IRPP_button:after { content: "; display: block; clear: both; } READ4 Reasons Your Customer Service Program Is Failing4. Reward Your Loyal Customers Itís much more cost-effective to keep a loyal customer than to try to chase a new one. If you want to boost sales, while generating more revenue, you must upsell an existing client. How can you accomplish this? Just keep in touch with them. Always ask for feedback on Twitter or Facebook as well as conduct an online survey about your customer service and reward their time and participation. Remember their birthdays or customer anniversary (from the first year they shopped from you) and add a little budget to make them feel special and add a profile showcasing one of them in your monthly email newsletter. A Also ask customers to leave a review on your website, Yelp, LinkedIn, TripAdvisor, Angieís list or Google+ local, see what they say and then contact the ones with the best and worst reviews to improve that experience further. We hope this information comes in handy. Keep in mind that, by following these basic tips, you should be able to lay the foundation of a long-lasting relationship with your customers, getting them to make purchases over and over again. Which of these tips did you find the most useful? Which of these tips did you find the most interesting? Do you have any basic tips for attracting customers? We would love to hear your thoughts. Please feel free to leave a comment below.

Multi-threading in C# With Tasks

The computer programming term thread is short for  thread  of execution, in which a processor follows a specified path through your code. The concept of following more than one thread at a time introduces the subject of multi-tasking and multi-threading. An application has one or more processes in it. Think of a process as a program running on your computer. Now each process has one or more threads. A game application might have a thread to load resources from disk, another to do AI, and another to run the game as a server. In .NET/Windows,  the operating system allocates processor time to a thread. Each thread keeps track of exception handlers and the priority at which it runs, and it has somewhere to save the thread context until it runs. Thread context is the information that the thread needs to resume. Multi-Tasking With Threads Threads take up a bit of memory and creating them takes a little time, so usually, you dont want to use many. Remember, they compete for processor time. If your computer has multiple CPUs, then Windows or .NET might run each thread on a different CPU, but if several threads run on the same CPU, then only one can be active at a time and switching threads takes time. The CPU runs a thread for a few million instructions, and then it switches to another thread. All of the CPU registers, current program execution point and stack have to be saved somewhere for the first thread and then restored from somewhere else for the next thread. Creating a Thread In the namespace System. Threading, youll find the thread type. The constructor thread  (ThreadStart) creates an instance of a thread. However, in recent C# code, its more likely to pass in a lambda expression that calls the method with any parameters. If youre unsure about lambda expressions, it might be worth checking out LINQ. Here is an example of a thread that is created and started: using System; using System.Threading;namespace ex1{class Program{public static void Write1(){Console.Write(1) ;Thread.Sleep(500) ;}static void Main(string[] args){var task new Thread(Write1) ;task.Start() ;for (var i 0; i 10; i){Console.Write(0) ;Console.Write (task.IsAlive ? A : D) ;Thread.Sleep(150) ;}Console.ReadKey() ;}}} All this example does is write 1 to the console. The main thread writes a 0 to the console 10 times, each time followed by an A or D depending on whether the other thread is still Alive or Dead. The other thread only runs once and writes a 1. After the half-second delay in the Write1() thread, the thread finishes, and the Task.IsAlive in the main loop now returns D. Thread Pool and Task Parallel Library Instead of creating your own thread, unless you really need to do it, make use of a Thread Pool. From .NET 4.0, we have access to the Task Parallel Library (TPL). As  in the previous example, again we need a bit of LINQ, and yes, its all lambda expressions. Tasks uses the Thread Pool behind the scenes  but make  better use of the threads depending on the number in use. The main object in the TPL is a Task. This is a class that represents an asynchronous operation. The commonest way to start things running is with the Task.Factory.StartNew as in: Task.Factory.StartNew(() DoSomething()); Where DoSomething() is the method that is run. Its possible to create a task and not have it run immediately. In that case, just use Task like this: var t new Task(() Console.WriteLine(Hello));...t.Start(); That doesnt start the thread until the .Start() is called. In the example below, are five tasks. using System;using System.Threading;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace ex1{class Program{public static void Write1(int i){Console.Write(i) ;Thread.Sleep(50) ;}static void Main(string[] args){for (var i 0; i 5; i){var value i;var runningTask Task.Factory.StartNew(()Write1(value)) ;}Console.ReadKey() ;}}} Run that and you  get the digits 0 through 4 output in some random order such as 03214. Thats because the order of task execution is determined by .NET. You might be wondering why the var value i is needed. Try removing it and calling Write(i), and youll see something unexpected like 55555. Why is this? Its because the task shows the value of i at the time that the task is executed, not when the task was created. By creating a new variable each time in the loop, each of the five values is correctly stored and picked up.

Teaching Conversational Skills Tips and Strategies

Teaching conversational skills can be challenging as not only English skills are required. English students who excel in conversation tend to be those with self-motivated, outgoing personalities. However, students who feel they lack this skill are often shy when it comes to conversation. In other words, personality traits that dominate in everyday life tend to appear in the classroom as well. As English teachers, its our job to help students improve their conversational skills, but often teaching is not really the answer. The Challenge Generally speaking, most English learners feel that they need more conversation practice. Grammar, writing and other skills are all very important, but, for most students, conversation is the most important. Unfortunately, teaching conversational skills is much more challenging than teaching grammar  as the focus is not on accuracy, but on production. When employing role-plays, debates, topic discussions, etc., some students are often timid in expressing their viewpoints. This seems due to a number of reasons: Students dont have an opinion on the subject.Students have an opinion but are worried about what the other students might say or think.Students have an opinion but dont feel they can say exactly what they mean.Students begin giving their opinion but want to state it in the same eloquent manner that they are capable of in their native language.Other, more actively participating students, feel confident in their opinions and express them eloquently making the less confident students more timid. Pragmatically, conversation lessons and exercises should first focus on building skills by eliminating some of the barriers that might be in the way of production. Here are some suggestions to help free up students in conversation. Point out that its not necessary to always speak the truth in class. In fact, not worrying about exactly what happened can help free up students.Create lesson plans that focus on functional skills such as asking for permission, disagreeing, etc. rather than open-ended lessons that students might find vague.Set micro-tasks such as the use of specific verbs, idioms, etc. within overall speaking tasks.  Use tasks such as information gathering or problem-solving activities that encourage students to communicate in English in order to complete the tasks. Here is a closer look at some of these ideas: Focus on Function   Its important to help students become familiar with language functions rather than focusing on a grammar-based approach when developing lessons to help with conversational skills. Start off simple with functions such as: Asking permission, stating an opinion, ordering food in a restaurant, etc.   Explore grammar issues by asking what linguistic formulas should be used to achieve the desired results. For example, if you are comparing two sides of an argument which forms might be helpful (comparative, superlative, would rather, etc). Use formulas to encourage correct usage such as: How / What about Verb Ing for making suggestions - How about taking a trip to San Diego?Would you mind Verb Ing for making requests -  Would you mind giving me a hand?Would you rather Verb or Verb  for asking for preferences -  Would you rather take the train or drive? Expand this approach slowly by asking students to create short role plays using cue cards. Once students become comfortable with target structures and representing differing points of view, classes can move onto more elaborated exercises such as debates and group decision-making activities.   Assign Points of View Ask students to take on a specific viewpoint. Sometimes, its a good idea to ask students to try to state opinions that they dont necessarily share. Having been assigned roles, opinions, and points of view that they do not necessarily share, students are freed from having to express their own opinions. Therefore, they can focus on expressing themselves well in English. In this way, students tend to concentrate more on production skills, and less on factual content. They also are less likely to insist on literal translations from their mother tongue. This approach bears fruit especially when debating opposing points of view. By representing opposing points of view, students imaginations are activated by trying to focus on all the various points that an  opposing  stand on any given issue may take. As students inherently do not agree with the view they represent, they are freed from having to invest emotionally in the statements  they make. More importantly, from a pragmatic point of view, students tend to focus more on correct function and structure when they do not become too emotionally involved in what they are saying. Of course, this is not to say that students should not express their own opinions. After all, when students go out into the real world they will want to say what they mean. However, taking out the personal investment factor can help students first become more confident in using English. Once this confidence is gained, students - especially timid students - will be more self-assured when expressing their own points of view. Focus on Tasks Focusing on tasks is quite similar to focusing on function. In this case, students are given specific tasks they must complete in order to do well. Here are some suggestions on tasks that can help students practice their conversational skills: Create student surveys to gather information.Teamwork activities such as treasure hunts.Board games.Build something - group activities such as a science project or presentations allow everyone to join in the fun. Quick Review Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Its a good idea to have students report their experiences truthfully and in great detail.General conversational activities are best for more advanced students while beginner should focus on functions.Assigning a point of view helps students focus on linguistic accuracy rather than stating exactly what they believe.Problem-solving teamwork  tasks should be avoided as they are not realistic.Outgoing students tend to be better at conversational skills. Answers False - Students shouldnt have to worry about telling the exact truth because they might not have the vocabulary.True - Advanced students have the linguistic skills to deal with broader issues.True - Assigning a point of view can help free up students to focus on form rather than on content.  False - Problem solving requires teamwork and conversational ability.True - Motivated outgoing students tend to allow themselves to make mistakes and thus speak more freely.

Keynesian Economics Essay - 663 Words

The U.S. never fully recovered from the Great Depression until the government employed the use of Keynes Economics. John Maynard Keynes was a British economist whose ideas and theories have greatly influenced the practice of modern economics as well as the economic policies of governments worldwide. He believed that in times when the economy slowed down or encountered declines, people would not spend as much money and therefore the economy would steadily decline until a depression occurred. He proposed that if the government injected money into the economy, it would help stimulate consumers to purchase more and firms would produce more as a result, in a continuous cycle. This cycle is called the multiplier effect. Keynes ideas have†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The aggregate expenditures line is the summation of consumption expenditures, investment expenditures, government purchases, and net exports. The 45-degree line represents all combinations in which aggregate expenditure s equal aggregate output. Keynesian equilibrium is also represented by the saving investment, or injection-leakage, model as the intersection between the injection line (investment expenditures, government purchases, and exports) and the leakage line (saving, taxes, and imports).†(2) Keynes established the theory of the multiplier effect. Keynesians believe that, because prices are somewhat predictable, variations in spending, such as consumption, investment, or government expenditures, cause output to fluctuate. For example, if government spending increases and all other components remain constant, then output will increase. The multiplier effect is defined as â€Å"output increases by a multiple of the original change in spending that caused it.†(3) This means, that if the government were to increase their spending by ten billion dollars, it could cause the total output to rise by fifteen billion dollars (a multiplier of 1.5) or by five billion (a multiplier of 0.5). Thus the money that gets injected into the economy creates a multiplier effect and promotes more circulation of money by creatingShow MoreRelatedKeynesian Economics1016 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Maynard Keynes’ influence and ideology Even today John M. Keynes’ ideas remain crucial to the most important debate of our time: how can we escape from the economic crisis? Should governments borrow and spend their way out of trouble or slash spending and reduce the national debt? 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Economics Case Study of Brexit Country Regarding

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Economics of Brexit and Country Regarding. Answer: 1. There is a mixed feeling prevailing in the country regarding the Brexit. Some people are voting for Brexit, as they think exiting from the European Union will boost up the British economy as the freedom from the European Union will provide the British economy a lot of new chances outside Europe. Others are voting against Brexit, as they think this exit will limit their available options in the open market scenario, resulting in a net loss for the economy. The whole article is divided into several categories, namely, "the broad economy, jobs, trade, immigration, status in Europe, and position in the world." Some of them have argued that Brexit will cause the economy to suffer permanent losses due to weak trade structure and minor investment from the European Union. National Institute of Economic and Social Research (2004) suggested Brexit will bring in a permanent loss in UK's GDP by 2.25 percent because of the reduction in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Jonathan Portes, an econo mist, raised an argument to that stating, the world economy has changed remarkably in last ten years[1]. The economists from Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) suggested that there would be a fall in income around 6.3 % to 9.5 % of the current GDP. According to CBI, a business group staying in the European Union will provide a benefit of 4-5% of the GDP[2]. Figure 1: Impact on level of GDP. Source: International monetary Fund report. The figure above shows the forecast of International Monetary Fund on UKs economy. It is showing the difference from the base in percent for two possible scenarios. According to the economists like Roger Bootle, without a fundamental reform, staying in the European Union is not worthy enough. In the year 2012, UK paid a net worth of 9.6bn into the European Union. The CER states that even if UK is a net contributor to the European Union, but the later's regional and agricultural funding are something the country will miss. According to an optimist, Tim Congdon, UK is losing around 11.5% of its GDP per year due to being a part of the European Union. Although some people are saying Brexit will cost UK three million jobs from the trade industry, others are arguing stating the fact that those jobs are directly related to trade[3]. But economists like Bootle said this is hardly going to change the scenario as the chance of having a bigger world market will follow the Brexit. Even the European Union will try to strike a deal after Brexit, with Britain, as UK has an enormous role in the European Union. The immigration scenario in UK after Brexit is stil l in a hazy situation. Without a proper replacement of the current rules, the future is unsure. According to some people, Brexit will hurt UK's influence over Europe. But the people voting for Brexit are hoping that UK will regain its influence over the European Union with time[4]. 2. The Brexit realists argued that Brexit will lead to an increase in tariff barriers. The contrast in the patterns of arrangement between the European Union and the United Kingdom will lead to an increasing cost of trade. The pessimists claimed that 150 billion will be the cost of Brexit, which is almost 9.5 percent of the UK's GDP. The after Brexit scenario can be compared to the 2008-09 financial crises in UK. Britain can have unrestricted practical terms of access to the enclosed market of the European Union, like the countries Switzerland and Norway do. This way UK will lose 2.2 percent per annum of their economic output, which is equal to 35 billion. UK's trade with the rest of the Europe has risen from 30 percent to 50 percent in a span of forty years approximately. The government of UK is yet to create a sound plan regarding the European Union and the countries within it. Britains access to the European market, movement of factors of production and trade barriers are still unattended by Brexit supporters. These may result in a short-run depreciation in the pound's value against most major economies. Countries, which regarded UK as the gateway to the European market will stop Investing in UK after Brexit.[5] Another cost of Brexit is a fall in the employment rate. According to the pessimists, traders who are involved in trade with other European Union members will lose their jobs becau se of the deterioration of terms of trade with the European Union. Reduction in foreign domestic investment (FDI) is also another cost to the UK economy according to them, leading to a substantial loss in the country's GDP. There will be consequences with immigration too. Britain might lose all the benefits it is getting from the European Union currently, due to Brexit.[6] Figure 2: Exports and Imports of UK in EU era. Source: The National Archives, UK. The Figure 1 above shows the total export and import of services to Europe under EU era. According to this graph, both export and import increased over time. After the Second World War, as an aftermath, The European Union was formed. There was a common belief that countries which are engaged in a trade become economically interdependent. As a result of this, these countries try to avoid any conflicts that might lead to war. 28 nations united under the European Union with the goals of a political and an economic union. These countries have independence, yet they agree to trade under the agreements, which were made among the countries earlier. The countries in the European Union were "Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Republic of Estonia, Finland, France, Hungary, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Germany, Greece, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.[7] Recently the United Kingdom left the European Union. The European Union had created a large single market, which permits the member nations to move goods and services, cap ital, and people freely. There is no existence of barriers in the form of borders and political restrictions. All these make the idea of the United States of Europe an intriguing one. 3. The European Union has its migrants in the United Kingdom, as well as, there is a significant amount of British people working in the member nations of the European Union. The Brexit situation needs both the authorities to cooperate and come up with new solutions, which will make the migration process easier for the people. In reality, Britain has created its list of the member nations of the European Union, whose citizens will need a visa to enter the UK. This will make coming into Britain hard for the people of the emerging countries like Bulgaria and Romania (Butler, Dagnis and Snaith 2016). Citizens of these countries will face a long list of forms and regulations to get in to the United Kingdom. But people from wealthy nations like France and Germany, which has a better tie with the British government will get the visa for entering into Britain much more swiftly. This theory promotes discrimination, against which the European Union stands. According to Steven Peers, a profess or of EU law at the University of Essex, the European Union has a joint visa list. Britain presenting a list of its own will hamper the fluency of the process, disrupting the United Kingdom and the European Union's clear immigration pattern. Figure 3: Percentage of change in growth. Source: OECD quarterly national count. The above figure shows that the fluctuations in percentage change in real GDP growth for UK was much more high than the member countries of the European Union. The whole scenario can be explained through game theory: prisoners dilemma. The agents here are UK and EU (the European Union) have two options namely agree and disagree. If both of them choose agree they will be better of simultaneously. If both of them choose disagree they will be worse off. Both of them have incentives to deviate from their choice if the other does not switch. All EU has to do is to check whether the threat given by the UK is credible. As UK was one of the leading countries in Europe, UK had an upper hand in bargaining. Trading with the member nations of the European Union will be complicated due to this immigration process, for the United Kingdom. The trading giants will lose interest in investing their resources in Britain's market because of this complexity. Moreover, this might increase the shipping charges and cost of production for the British companies, as the free flow of goods and services, people, and resources will be hampered. If the European Union ret aliates with some other strict policies for British people, the later will be worse off.[8] This way not cooperating with each other will cut off the payoffs of both EU and UK. This makes the United Kingdom take an interest in keeping a good relationship with the European Union. This leaves the United Kingdom only the choice of being a non-member of the European Union and have good terms with the European Union as it will bring the most of the pay offs in this game.[9] 4. The Brexit decision will give some shocks to the world economy in short-run. Australia will also face the shocks with other major economies. But the Asia-Pacific region has its economic attributes which will make the Australian economy shock proof. Slow growth along with a massive debt piling up in China, most of the developed nations are struggling to increase the growth rate with the low rate of interest. This scenario makes the global economy fragile. The trade situation of UK and the European Union (EU) is currently halted.[10] This puts the export of Australia in a standby mode. In the long run, if the terms of trade between Britain and the European Union deteriorate, Australia will not see the Europe as a whole compact market, as it used to do. The European market will be divided into two. One is the UK economy another is the 27 nations' joint economy, EU. Both will try to keep a strong bond over the trading relationship with rest of the world. This will, in turn, help the A ustralian export market. The volume of export will increase. On the other hand, the import of Australia from Europe will cost less as both EU and UK will try hard to capture most of the market share by reducing its prices or lowering its interest rate. This can be depicted in an aggregate demand and supply model. The model defined as: Y=C+I+G+(X-M); Y aggregate income, C private consumption, I private investment, G government expenditure, X exports, and M import. Due to Brexit, the Australian export will face a downfall in the short run. The value of the pound will depreciate in the mean time. There will be unrest in the European market. When the unrest will start fading, Australian importers will use the situation in their favor. This will decrease the value of net export i.e. (X-M). The GDP of Australia will go down as a result. Figure 4. Demand and supply of the Australian economy. Source: As created by the author. The above figure shows the previous equilibrium E1 of the demand faced by the Australian economy and its supply. In the short run, the export will decrease as the demand faced by the economy due to the demand in the export market falls. This shifts the demand curve to the left resulting in less output.[11] Slowly the effects of Brexit will lose their importance with time. This will restore the balance in the global market. The money market will come to its original place. Equilibrium in one market will lead the other markets to equilibrium. According to several economists, although a short run shock in the Australian economy will be felt but it will fade away quickly.[12] Bibliography: Bohanon, Cecil, and Bill Styring. 'Myriad Issues Factored into UK's Brexit Vote', Indianapolis Business Journal, vol. 37/no. 20, (2016), pp. 19. 'Brexit and FDI', Economic Outlook, vol. 40/no. 2, (2016), pp. 26-30. 'European Union', A Dictionary of Business and Management, (2016), . Gannon, Frank. 'Brexit and Research: Goodbye EU Money and Colleagues?', EMBO Reports, vol. 17/no. 9, (2016), pp. 1237-1238. Grammatikos, Theoharry, and Robert Vermeulen. 'The 20072009 Financial Crisis: Changing Market Dynamics and the Impact of Credit Supply and Aggregate Demand Sensitivity', Applied Economics, vol. 46/no. 8, (2014), pp. 895-911. Horton, Richard. 'Offline: The Meanings of Brexit', Lancet (London, England), vol. 388/no. 10039, (2016), pp. 14. JIANU, Ionu頼. 'A Comprehensive View on the Manifestations of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Shocks in Greece, Ireland, Italy and Portugal', Theoretical and Applied Economics, no. 2, (2016), pp. 207-224. Jongeneel, Roel, Siemen Berkum van, and Hans Vrolijk. 'brexit', Eurochoices, vol. 15/no. 2, (2016) Maschler, Michael, Eilon Solan, and Shmuel Zamir. , 'Game Theory', Anonymous Translator(, Cambridge University Press Textbooks, 2013). Prynn, Jonathan, and Joanna Bourke. 'london Dines Out in Brexit Bonanza: Summer Cheer as Restaurant and Pub Takings Soar in Wake of referendumCity Warns True Brexit Effect on Economy is Yet to Emerge', Evening Standard,2016. Tarran, Brian. 'The Economy: A Brexit Vote Winner?', Significance, vol. 13/no. 2, (2016), pp. 6-7.'Brexit and World Growth what are the Risks?', Economic Outlook, vol. 40/no. 3, (2016), pp. 13-16.

Cardiac muscle Sample Essay Example

Cardiac muscle Sample Paper Cardiac muscle Essay Introduction Animal tissues are classified into four types on the basis of their functions epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. EPITHELIAL TISSUE The covering and protective tissues in the animal body are epithelial tissues. It covers most organs and cavities within the body and forms a barrier to keep different body systems separate. Example: Skin, Lining of the mouth, lining of blood vessels, lung alveoli and kidney tubules Characteristics of epithelial tissue: Tightly packed and form a continuous sheet. Small amount of cementing material is present between them and almost no intracellular spaces. It plays an important role in regulating the exchange of materials between the odd and the external environment and also between different parts of the body. Matrix is either absent or negligible Number of cells are large Depending on the structures that correlate with their unique functions, epithelial tissues are classified into simple and stratified epithelium. Si mple Epithelium: Cells are arranged in a single layer and does not contain matrix. There are four types of simple epithelium; exogamous, columnar, cuboids and glandular. Exogamous: Thin and flat tissue and forms a delicate lining. They are arranged closely and jointed by cement material. Example: Lining of blood vessels, heart and lymphatic tubes Columnar: Cells are broad and nucleus is oval in shape and is located in the centre or towards the narrow end Example: inner lining of alimentary canal, cystic duct Cuboids: Cube shaped cells and provides mechanical support and helps in secretion and absorption. Example: Kidney tubules Glandular: Tissue folds inward and forms multicultural gland and secretes substances at the epithelial surface. Stratified Epithelium: Cells are arranged in a many layers and are capable of cell division. Regions which are exposed to greater wear and tear such as epidermis of skin and lining of rectum are made up of stratified epithelium. CONNECTIVE TISSUE Co nnective tissues are loosely packed tissues embedded in an intracellular matrix which may be jelly like, fluid, dense or rigid. The nature of matrix differs in concordance with the function of the particular connective tissue. It connects or binds the organs and acts as filling or packing between organs. Cardiac muscle Essay Body Paragraphs Characteristics of connective tissue: Number of cells is less as compare to epithelial tissue Connect or binds the organs Act as filling material between the organs Intracellular substance is high Responsible for cell division of preexisting cells Types of connective tissue: Areola Connective Tissue: It is found between the skin and muscles, around blood vessels and nerves and in the bone marrow. It fills the space inside the organs, supports internal organs and helps in repair of tissues. It has dense matrix which consists of a network of fibers and an unrecognized, homogeneous intracellular secretion. Fibers are white or yellow. White fibers are made up of collagen and non elastic, whereas yellow fibers are made up of elastic and are elastic in nature. Adipose tissue: Tissue present below the skin and between internal organs which contains fat globules. Fat inside the globules acts as an insulator. Compact Bone: Bone is a connective tissue and forms the framework that supports the body. It is strong and inflexible tissue and embedded in a hard matrix that is composed of calcium and phosphorus compounds. Ligaments: Tissue present between two bones and is very elastic and has considerable strength. It contains very little matrix. Tendons: Tissue that connects muscles to bones and is fibrous with great strength but limited flexibility. Blood cells: Blood is another type of connective tissue which contains fluid matrix called plasma. Plasma contains red blood cells (Orbs), white blood cells (Webs), and platelets. It also contains proteins, salts and hormones. Blood flows and transports gases, digested food, hormones and waste materials to different parts of the body. MUSCULAR TISSUE: Tissue consists of elongated cells and responsible for movement in our body is called muscular tissue. Elongated cells present in muscular tissue are called as muscle fiber. Muscle also contains special proteins called contractile proteins, which contract and relax to cause movement Type of Muscle fibers: Striated muscle: It is also called as a voluntary muscle as it moves by conscious will. They are mostly attached to bones and help in body movement so also called as skeletal muscle. Under microscope it shows light and dark bands or striations when stained appropriately and hence called as striated muscle. The cells of this tissue are long, cylindrical, unbranded and multifaceted. Smooth muscle: Muscles that controls the movement of food in the alimentary canal or the contraction and relaxation of blood vessels are smooth muscle or involuntary muscle. The cells are long with pointed ends and Inculcate. They are also called unstrained muscles. They are spindle-shaped. Cardiac muscle: Muscles of the heart show rhythmic contraction and relaxation throughout life and called cardiac muscles. They are cylindrical, branched and inculcate. It is the occurrence of connecting structures called intercalary discs near terminal regions of muscle fibers. Intercalary disc co nnects adjacent fibers. NERVOUS TISSUE: Highly specialized tissue for transmitting stimulus very rapidly from one place to another within the body is called nervous tissue. Nerve impulse allows animals to move rapidly in response to tumuli. The brain, spinal cord and nerves are all examples of nervous tissue. The cells are called nerve cells or neurons A neuron consists of a cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm, from which long thin hair like parts arise. Usually each neuron has a single long part called the axon and many short branched parts called dendrites. An individual nerve cell may be up to a meter long. Many nerve fibers found together by connective tissue make up a nerve. Nervous tissue establishes communication between different parts of the body, through conduction of nerve impulses. APPARATUS AND MATERIALS Light microscope, epithelium tissue slides( exogamous epithelium, cuboids epithelium, columnar epithelium, ciliated columnar epithelium, stratified epithelium, seque stration’s epithelium), connective tissue (blood, bone, cartilage), muscle tissue (striated, smooth, cardiac) and nerve tissue (neuron). PROCEDURE The slides given were examined under the microscope and the structure and organization of the tissues were observed. Each of the tissues given were drawn and labeled. Diagrams from the textbook was used assist in cell investigation. A. Epithelium tissues a) Exogamous epithelium b) Cuboids epithelium ) Columnar epithelium d) Ciliated columnar epithelium e) Sequestration’s ciliated columnar epithelium f) Stratified Squamish epithelium g) Transitional epithelium B. Connective tissue a) Blood i. Interruption ii. Sinkholes iii. Basophilic iv. Monocots and lymphocyte b) Bone c) Cartilage i. Hyaline cartilage ii. Fibrillating iii. Elastic cartilage C. Muscle tissue a) Striated b) Smooth c) Cardiac D. Nerve tissue d) Neuron RESULTS f) Stratified Squamish epithelium 1) Interruption 2) Sinkholes 3) Basophilic 4) Monocots and lymphocyt e monocots lymphocyte b) Bone 1) Hyaline cartilage 2) Fibrillating ) Elastic cartilage a) Cardiac a) Neuron DISCUSSION The nuclei appears to be flattened due to the shape of the cells. It is also scale- like It is observed that exogamous epithelium are flabbergasted. B) Cuboids epithelium The nuclei of these cells are large. The cells in the Cuboids epithelium tissue appears to be square-shaped. As observed in the picture, the cells are arranged in a single layer. Therefore, the tissue is a simple cuboids epithelial tissue. The nuclei of the cells are also elongated cells in the picture are elongated, quite narrow and column-like. Hence, the name columnar epithelium. The cells are arranged in a single layer. They usually have goblet cells that secretes mucous. The cells observed were from the trachea. It is a columnar epithelium with a cilia on its free surface. The tissue has goblet cells that secrete mucus to moisten the air that passes through during respiration. The cells appear to be arranged in more than one layer. However, they are arranged in only one layer. Hence, the tissue is a sequestration’s epithelial tissue. The cells are elongated indicating that they are columnar cells f) Stratified exogamous epithelium The tissue observed has more than one layer. This indicates that the tissue is stratified. Besides that, the cells appear to be flatten-shaped indicating the type of cells are exogamous cells. The cells observed are from the urinary bladder. The darker region are the transitional epithelium. These type of tissue consist of multiple layers of epithelial cells which can contract and expand. The transitional epithelium cells accommodate fluctuation of volume of the liquid in an organ such as the urinary bladder. B. Connective tissue Interruption nucleus has a complex, elaborated shape. The sinkhole generally has a nucleus with two lobes (beloved), and cytoplasm ailed many large granules. Basophilic has some platelets on the left. Nucleus in basophilic are not notably elaborated. Monocots and lymphocyte Lymphocyte’s nucleus is very large for the size of the cell and stains dark purple. Monocots is the largest of the leukocytes and is granular. The nucleus is most often â€Å"U† or kidney bean shaped; the cytoplasm is abundant and light blue. Bone tissue are the main constituents of the skeletal tissue. The spots seen in the picture are the lacunae Contains more collagen compared to hyaline. Fibrillating consists of a mixture of white fibrous tissue and cartilaginous issue in various proportions. Contains elastic bundles (elastic) scattered throughout the matrix. This provides a tissue which is stiff yet elastic. It consists of light and dark bands. As shown in the diagram, a single skeletal muscle cell is long and approximately cylindrical in shape, with many nuclei located at the edges (periphery) of the cell. Unlike Skeletal and Cardiac muscle tissue, Smooth muscle is not striated. Smooth muscle fibers are small and tapered – with the ends reducing in size, in contrast to the cylindrical shape of skeletal muscle. Each smooth muscle fiber has a single centrally located nucleus. Cardiac muscle fibers are striated, branched (sometimes described as Y-shaped), and have a single central nucleus. These fibers are attached at their ends to adjoining fibers by thick plasma membranes called intercalated discs. D. Nerve Tissue Neuron From the observed slide, the structures that are in a darker shade is the neuron. We will write a custom essay sample on Cardiac muscle Sample specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Cardiac muscle Sample specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Cardiac muscle Sample specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Apple External Environment Analysis Essay Example

Apple External Environment Analysis Essay Example Apple External Environment Analysis Paper Apple External Environment Analysis Paper Apple Industry Analysis It became successful in the personal company industry because of its incredible innovative products and business strategy. Small computer was the costumer- friendly product that has a clear future vision. Steve Jobs found this market and believe the demand for this market was big. Apple was the most successful initial public offering after Ford Motor Company in 1980. Apple also was the fast company that hit the Fortune 500 in the history. However, Apple nearly goes into bankruptcy by the middle of 1 sass due to he fierce external competition from the IBM and the Microsoft and the internal rapidly growth. In order to stay afloat, apple focused on innovated their personal industry line. This helps Apple became successful ever after. Nowadays, the Apple Company involved in designs, manufactures, and markets personal computers, mobile communication and media devices and portable digital music players. It also sells the relative service, software, third party digital content and applications and etc. The main product included Phone, Pad, Mac, Pod, AppleT/. The professional software applications and pirating system ISO and SO X are also the part of product for the Apple. Apple sells the delivers digital content and application online through Tunes Store, App Store, books Store, and Mac App Store to provide service for the item they sale such as Mac. Customer can buy the entire product through online store, the retail stores, direct sales force that located worldwide. Not only these, customer can buy the Apple product as well as through third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers. (Apple Inc. Form 10-K, September 28, 2013) Mission statement According to the information show on the Apple website, there is no clear official Apples mission statement. The following paragraph can be seeing as the mission for the Apple Inc on the Apple Corporation website. Apple designs Macs, the best personal computers on the world, along with SO X, life, rework and professional software. Apple leads the digital music revolution with its pods and tunes online store. Apple has reinvented the mobile phone with its revolutionary phone and App Store, and is defining the future Of mobile media and computing devises with pad. (Apple Inc. Form 0-K, September 28, 2013) This is Apples mission statement because it matches with the characteristics of a mission statement in some parts. During this paragraph, the product, services and the market for Apple has been clearly described. Customer can understand who are they and what they do through this short paragraph. However, in another way, this mission statement is more like a product list. Without list all the product, this mission statement nether mentioned customer nor the value or the purpose for the company. It is clear to see that Apple Corporation is the product-oriented company. Vision statement The vision for the Apple Corporation is also can be seen as its mission statement. Apple is committed to bringing the best personal computing experience to student, educators, creative professionals and consumers around the world through its innovative hardware, software and Internet offerings. (Apple Inc. Form 10-K, September 28, 201 3) Unlike the mission statement, the vision statement is clearly customer- oriented. The market, product, customer and the self-concept for the future Apple Corporation has been mentioned in this one sentences. The future path of the Apple is clearly described as to bringing the best personal imputing experience to all the customers. Strategy Based on the vision of Apple Corporation. Company will continue bringing the best product for the customers by innovation. Using unique ability Apple will continue design and improve its own operating system and all the other service, hardware and application to customer. Let the customer enjoy the new product that more easy-to-use and innovated design. Apple Corporation will continue investment in research, design, marketing and advertising. All these investments will play important role at developing and sale the new products. As the part of online store, all the customers who have ISO vices can discover, buy and download application and book from Apple store and book. Third- party application and digital content also are the important parts of tunes store, which provide large number of revenue for Apple Corporation. To expand the discovery and delivery platform for the third- party who provide high quality hardware or software are also parts of strategy. The company believes that knowledgeable salesperson who can transform the value of product has the ability to attract and keep customers. The strategy for the marketing part is included that enhancing and expanding doth online and retail stores to reach more customers and provide them a high-quality buying and post sales experience. (Apple Inc. Form 1 0-K, September 28, 201 3) Strategy objective The financial objective- Continuing working in product innovation to extent the current product lifestyle. Through update the current system or launch the new product to maintain and growth market share and make profit. The customer related objective- the best way to keep loyal customer is by launch new innovative product. Keeping current customer base and extent the new market with the special focus on the developing countries like China ND India will help Apple Corporation win the competition with the competitors. External Macro environment analysis Political Factors: Apple Corporation manages its business based on the geography base, which are general based on the location of its customers. Nowadays, Apple has retail store in 13 countries and sell their product through reseller and other ways all over the world. According to the annual report of 2013, the domestic and international sales accounted for 39% and 61 %. The international market plays an important role for Apple Corporation. Wars, disasters, bad global relations and terrorism can affect business. In order to inter the foreign market, the company activity is affected by the local laws and regulation. For example, tax import and export requirement, intellectual property, labor, ownership and infringement, foreign exchange controls, environment and etc. Those policy are different in different countries. In some of the countries, to enter the market may need to do the additional testing, product modifications, delays in product shipping dates, or decline product from the product list. All these will increase the operation cost and affect the sales of Apple product. As the policy may consistent change, in the future, the cost of ongoing business will continue increase. Any delay the introduction of new product caused by the changes of law or regulation has the possible result that product or service are less attractive to the customer even worst may damage the Apple image in its customers and retailers. Apple Inc. Form 10-K, September 28, 2013) Economic Factors In the past few years, the worlds economy starts getting better from the recession. But the inflation rate still high, while the earning for the customers did not change. The unemployed rate is increase in many countries. Due to all these reason, customers purchasing power may reduce. People trend to Penn less and do not buy the product that is experience. According to the finance data provide by the Apple annual report, the net income of 201 3 (37,037 million) was less than the 2012(41 , 733 million). (Apple Inc. Form 1 0-K, September 28, 2013) The sales in some product are decreased. During the economic recession period, currency exchange rate become volatile. Apple using the margins on sales of the products in foreign countries to paid the foreign suppliers. Using this way to minimum the affect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Social Factors As the global warming become more and more serious. Environmental retention problem become major issues in many countries. Some of them are where Apple operates. Most of the Apple product is produced outside the American. For example, phone is mainly produced in China. However, in the past few years, as the people and government in China are start consider the environment issues that caused by the manufacturers. And the labor cost has increased in China. The total cost for producing phone has consistent Increase. Technology Factors: Apple Corporation is in the market that has fast technology changes, no matter for personal computer, mobile phone and all the other electronic products. All of products are facing the heavy competition to the other companies such as Samsung. The characters of the technical industry are short product life period, need to introduce new product frequently and need to improve product performances frequently. In order to facing the rapidly changes in this industry, companies need to spend lots of money on research, design and development. However, this is good for Apple Corporation as they are using the unique operation system that designed by themselves. Macro- environment affect industry Environment Apple Corporation are belong to the electronic industry, which is the industry hat worth billions of dollars. More and more people work and daily life communication are relay on the consumer electronic such a computer and mobile phone. The size of the electronic manufacturers continues increase. The electronic wastes are coming with the development of industry. The electronic devices are usually made by the toxic materials that are very hard to recycle. In one year, over 3 million tone electronic waste are produced in the United States. (ERA. ) Its clearly to see that in todays society people are trend to be more environmental friendly. Not only the material that use to make the electronic vices need to be save, but also the other materials. Currently, the people in the industry are trying to design the sustainable electronics to help reduce the wastes. Tim Cook reveals his vision of industry. The future of the electronic industry is to use greener materials, less packaging, keep electronic product out of the landfills. Cay Yard, 2014) Demographics Currently, the customer for the electronic devices like computer and mobile phone are the young people at age between 18 and 35. Its turn out that lots of company are forgot a important market-the middle age adult. The adult in he age between 40 and 60 should be the major market as most of them are earning money. Nowadays, with the technology development people are forced to use electronic devices. Especially for the middle age people who has a job. Those people are willing to buy the product for the work and start learning technology. Middle age is the group of people that has the highest purchasing power no matter in what time. After ten years, the young people at age of 18 to 35 are growing to the middle age and start work. This group of people is both familiar with all the electronic device and have money will revive much more revenue for the electronic industry. The developing countries like China also have a potential to growth in the future. Based on the population of those developing countries, the major market for the electronic industry in the future will transform from developed countries to the developing countries. Economic Electronic industry is one of the fastest developing industries in the world. In some way, it is driving the economy groom. Electronic is important for almost every major industry in the world. The trend for the global industry is to become more and more automated. The productivity for the electronic industry or the information technology industry will increase much more than the other industry, especially in the developing country where skilled labor are experience. Porters Five Forces model Rivalry Among Existing Competitors- Strong The electronic and information technology industry are both well know as the fast growth industry. The competition between companies is strong. This is the reason why the larger companies for the industry are less. The threat of existing competitors is very high for the Apple. The company is now operating three major markets: personal computer, mobile phone and the music players. For the personal computer area, Apple needs to compete with the big company like Dell, Toshiba, HP and etc. Apple using its unique operation system successful occupied parts of the market. However, as the difference of the market strategy, all the company is focus on different market. For the mobile phone area, Apple has to compete the big companies like Samsung and Blackberry. For the music player area, Apple occupied 72% of the market. Cole, 2013) However, the competitors like Sony are continue improve themselves. The only way to keep all the market share is to consistently improve and provide new product. In the future, as the market for the industry are moving from the developed countries to the developing countries, how to win the competition without lower price will be the top issue that Apple should work with. Bargaining Power of Buyers Strong For the Apple Corporation, the buyers will be almost every one in the world. According to the large customer base, its clearly to say that the bargaining power of buyers is strong. There are so many choices for buyers. (different brand that provide the similar product. ) Customers can easily switch between the brands. The individual buyer often knows the basic information for the reduce. These group of customer looking for the computer that has high quality but lower price. The bargaining powers for them are moderate. Apple is mainly targeting the customers that have academic institute, colleges and schools students, and retail buyers. School and some other organization is the big buyer for the apple computer area. Their bargaining power as a buyer is high. As the technology industry contain uses development, the new buyer come into the market. This large number of customers may change the current market. But one thing fall not change is that the power is control by the customers. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Weak Expect the suppliers like Intel. The bargaining power for the suppliers is low. For the big company like Apple, there are thousands of suppliers want to establish the relationship with it. For the suppliers, the competition be;en their own industries is strong. The low enter requirement caused lots of new enter. However, its hard to get large order since the existing relationships between current suppliers and company. Apple has lots of choices, the number of satisfaction substitute suppliers are many. The cost for Apple switch the supplier from one to another is low. The bargaining power for Apple as the buyer is strong, which sometime can influence the price for the product. Not only Apple as a buyer can influence the price, the price competition between the suppliers will also lower the price, which lower the cost for Apple. Currently, people are start pay more attention on the environment protection. According to Tim Cooks vision Of environment, the current supplier may have to become even greener to maintain the relationship with Apple. Threat of New Entrants moderate The electronics industry keep attracting to the new enter with its rapid growth and increasing customer base. In another way, the industry are not attracting ewe enter as they are enter to the mature market that have to face the fierce competition. The giant player like Apple, Dell, Samsung are in the market and control the most of market. Its hard to compete with these companies. To enter the high-tech industry the capital requirement are relatively high. The giant company like Apple are already controlled the supply and marketing channel. It is hard for a new enters get assessing to those channel. Another important parts is that in the current market, customer are usually loyalty to the larger and old brand. This is the challenge for the new enter to et market share from the well-know competitors. Threat from Substitutes moderate The threat from the substitutes is moderate for Apple. There is not much product can substitute the electronic devices like computer, smartened and music player. However for some of people, they do not need these entire products especially for the elder people. They may more like to read news on newspaper rather than on the websites and writing on the paper rather than taping on Computer. The traditional way is the substitute for this industry. However, as the industry continually developing the threat from this part will consistently decrease.